Polish painting has a rich and varied history that includes both religious and secular subjects. Its roots can be traced back to the Middle Ages, with the emergence of Gothic art in Poland and the influence of Italian Renaissance artists. In the 19th century, a group of Polish artists known as the "Munich Circle" emerged, with members such as Jan Matejko and Jacek Malczewski gaining international recognition. During the World War II era, Polish artists were heavily influenced by social realism, with the government controlling the production of art. However, the post-war era saw a rise in abstract and avant-garde art movements, with Polish artists such as Wojciech Fangor and Tadeusz Kantor gaining international acclaim. Today, Polish painting continues to be diverse and thriving, with leading contemporary artists such as Wilhelm Sasnal and Marlene Dumas incorporating social and political themes into their work.
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